The Fight for Democracy in the Middle East
With inspiring bravery and determination, the people of the Middle East are demanding to have their voices heard. We record the key events in their hopefully successful journey to democracy in this interactive multimedia timeline.
You can navigate the timeline by dragging the viewfinder at the bottom of the timeline. You can also click anywhere in the time scale at the bottom to jump quickly to that point in time. ;xNLx;;xNLx;We have categorised events by country. Each country has its own colour: sky blue for Tunisia, red for Egypt, pink for Libya and orange for Bahrain. For further information (including videos and images) about a particular event, click the 'more' button.;xNLx;;xNLx;The information for this timeline has been obtained from numerous sources, including Al Jazeera, Wikipedia, Flickr and YouTube. Copyright over the images and videos on this timeline belongs with their respective owners.
2010-12-17 00:00:00
Mohamed Bouazizi
Street vendor Mohamed Ben Bouazizi (March 29 1984 - Jan 4 2011) sets himself on fire in protest at his treatment by the Tunisian authorities. His action sparks wide-spread protests across Tunisia against president Zine El Abidine Ben Ali and his governing party.
2010-12-24 00:00:00
Tunisia police kill Protesters
A crackdown on demonstrators in the Tunisian district of Bouziane results in two fatalities. Police claimed they acted in self defence in shooting the protesters. But any hope the government had that the crackdown would cow the protesters into submission were to be dashed, as even larger demonstrations were soon to sweep the country.
2010-12-24 09:05:46
Rapper El Général arrested
A Tunisian rapper whose songs had been adopted by protesters is arrested. Hamada Ben Amor - who goes by the stage name El Général - had recently released rap protest song 'Tunisia our country'. He was released a few days later following a huge reaction from the Tunisian populace and his songs are now widely considered to be the "anthems of the revolution".
2010-12-27 00:00:00
Protests reach the Tunisian Capital Tunis
Large scale demonstrations kick off in the Tunisian capital Tunis for the first time, as crowds of more than 1,000 take part in a rally in support of protests elsewhere in the country. The rally was broken up by security forces.
2010-12-29 00:00:00
Further protests in Tunisia
A demonstration in Gafsa organised by the Tunisian Federation of Labour Unions is broken up by police on 29 December but that does not stop the protests. The next day some 300 lawyers hold a rally close to the Government's Palace in the Tunisian capital and over following days numerous other protests take place across the country.
2010-12-31 00:00:00
Lawyers 'savagely beaten'
Mokhtar Trifi, president of the Tunisian Human Rights League, complains that lawyers had been 'savagely beaten' by security forces following a series of demonstrations organised by the Tunisian National Lawyers Order.
2011-01-03 00:00:00
Thala protests turn violent
Violence breaks out in Thala - a 15,000 strong town in Tunisia - after a group of 250 mainly students are confronted by police. The security forces fired tear gas at the protesters, who responded by attacking the local office of the Tunisian governing party.
2011-01-06 00:00:00
Tunisian lawyers go on strike
Tunisia's 8,000 lawyers call a strike in protest at the brutal crack down by the security forces. The Tunisian Human Rights League had earlier complained that lawyers taking part in protests in the capital had been 'savagely beaten' by the police.
2011-01-11 00:00:00
'We are not afraid'
Protesters in a working class district of Tunis reportedly chant "We are not afraid. We are not afraid" after police fire tear gas at them.
2011-01-12 00:00:00
Military deployed
The military is deployed across Tunisia in an attempt by the beleagured government and its leader Ben Ali to quell wide-spread unrest in the country. A night-time curfew is also imposed in the Tunisian capital Tunis.
2011-01-14 00:00:00
Ben Ali flees to Saudia Arabia
Against all the odds, protesters in Tunisia force long-time president Zine El Abidine Ben Ali to step down. His resignation follows weeks of protests in the north African country. Ben Ali had been in power for 23 years. He subsequently flees to Saudia Arabia.
2011-01-16 00:00:00
Gaddafi slates Tunisia revolt
Libyan leader speaks out against the uprising in Tunisia, blaming wikileaks for sparking the unrest. Meanwhile, reports come in of unrest in his oil-rich north African country.
2011-01-17 00:00:00
Egyptian sets himself ablaze outside parliament
In the first signs of unrest in Egypt, a man sets himself on fire outside the country's parliament in protest at poor living conditions and lack of opportunity. Five others try to do the same. The self-immolations come exactly a month after Tunisian street vendor Mohamed Ben Bouazizi set himself alight in Tunisia, sparking an uprising that led to the deposing of long-time president Ben Ali.
2011-01-25 00:00:00
Day of Revolt
Protests break out throughout Egypt in what is dubbed the 'Day of Revolt' as the country's citizens express their anger at the government of President Hosni Mubarak. The biggest crowds are in Cairo, where tens of thousands of people gathered, but thousands also protest in other cities across country. The protests are mainly peaceful though police keep a close presence.
2011-01-28 00:00:00
Friday of Rage
Following four days of protests, hundreds of thousands demonstrate in Cairo and other Egyptian cities after Friday prayers. In what appears to be a deliberate attempt to intimidate the protesters, thousands of prisoners are allegedly released by the government, and given free reign on the streets of the capital after police are withdrawn. Despite the chaos, there are few reports of casualties. During the day, president Hosni Mubarak makes his first public statement about the protests.
2011-01-29 00:00:00
Egyptian military refuses to fire on protesters
The military is deployed on the streets of Cairo and a curfew is imposed, but neither do much to quell the protests. If anything, the demonstrations are even larger. The army reportedly refuses to follow orders to fire live ammunition.
2011-02-01 00:00:00
Mubarak offers concessions
As pressure on him to stand down builds, Egyptian president Mubarak addresses the nation on television. He promises he will not stand in the upcoming elections in September and also pledges to enact political reforms. But the demonstrators want nothing less than his immediate removal. Towards the end of the day, in a sign of what is to come, there are reports of sporadic clashes between pro-Mubarak supporters and the anti-governement protesters.
2011-02-02 00:00:00
The battle for Tahrir Square
Things turn nasty in Cairo's Tahrir Square after hundreds of supporters of Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak attack a large crowd of people demanding he steps down.