Abraham Lincoln wins a four-way race for President of the United States. Even though he does not win by popular majority, or even appear on the ballots of nine Southern states, he earns enough electoral votes to beat the other candidates.
South Carolina officially becomes the first state to secede from the Union.
Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas secede from the Union.
Abraham Lincoln is inaugurated as the 16th President of the United States. In his address, he warns the South that he will not tolerate secession.
Confederate forces attack Major Robert Anderson and his Union soldiers at Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina officially starting the Civil War.
Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina secede from the Union.
The First Battle of Bull Run occurs when Union General Irvin McDowell and his troops face the new Confederate army. McDowell is defeated causing a panicked retreat back to Washington. The withdrawal is hindered by the large numbers of spectators who are there to see the battle.
Union forces are surprised at the town of Shiloh in Tennessee. The battle results in 13,000 Union and 10,000 Confederate casualties, more than in all previous American wars combined.
The Battle of Antietam is the bloodiest day in United States history. Over 26,000 men are killed, wounded or missing in action on both sides.
President Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation. It frees all slaves in areas captured by the Union Army, and orders that black soldiers be enlisted into the army. From this point forward, the Civil War is a war over slavery.
The Union Army defeats Robert E. Lee's Confederate Army at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. Gettysburg was one of the bloodiest battles of the Civil War, and a major turning point of the war.
President Lincoln delivers what will become his most famous address at the dedication of the National Cemetery at the battlefield in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. The address was only two minutes long.
Union General Sherman begins his famous March to the Sea.
Congress approves the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution, which will abolish slavery.
Abraham is Inaugurated for his second term as President of the United States.
General Robert E. Lee surrenders to General Ulysses S. Grant in a farmhouse in the town of Appomattox Court House, Virginia. The war is over.
Abraham Lincoln is shot by John Wilkes Booth at Ford's Theater in Washington, D.C. He dies the next morning.
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