Upon domination of Mongolia, Temüjin from the Orkhon Valley received the title Chinggis Khan, thought to mean Universal Ruler or, Oceanic Ruler or Firm, Resolute Ruler
Genghis Khan led his armies across the Gobi Desert against the Jin Dynasty of northern China.
The Mongols crossed the Jaxartes (Syr Darya) and begin their invasion of Transoxiana.
Genghis Khan's death; Mongol leaders returned to Mongolia for kuriltai. The empire at this point covered nearly 24 million km², about four times the size of the Roman or Macedonian Empires.
The Mongols invaded Korea. (The beginning of the Mongol invasion of Europe)
The Mongols sacked Kiev. Hungarians and Croatians at the Battle of Sajo and Poles, Templars and Teutonic Knights at the Battle of Legnica are beaten.
Hulagu exterminated the order of Hashshashins, whose leader was known as Old Man of the Mountain. The foundation of Ilkhanate. Baiju crushed the rebellion of the Seljuks in Turkey.
The first Mongol invasion of Đại Việt (Vietnam) which put the country in temporary humiliated vassalage. Mongols sacked Thăng Long (Hanoi). Deadly heat forced them to leave Vietnam.
The Mongols occupied Baghdad. The fate of Abbasid Caliphate. Incursion against Lithuania.
The Battle of Ain Jalut and the First Battle of Homs. Mongol defeated by Egyptian Mamluks.
Two Great Khans in Mongol Empire: Kublai Khan and Ariq Böke. The succession war had begun, which marked the end of a united empire.
The first Mongol invasion of Japan (Battle of Bun'ei). The second full scale census in the Golden Horde and its vassals Russian principalities. Smolensk, the last of Russian major city-states became subject to the Golden Horde.
The fall of Song Dynasty to the Yuan Dynasty. In '79 Mongols of Yuan Dynasty became supreme lords of all China.
The second Mongol invasion of Japan (Battle of Kōan).
The Second Battle of Homs. Mongol defeated by Egyptian Mamluks.
Failed second Mongol invasion of Vietnam.
Pagan Kingdom falls to Mongols of Yuan Dynasty who installed a puppet king. Third incursion against Poland.
Failed third Mongol invasion of Vietnam (Battle of Bạch Đằng (1288)), which made Đại Việt and Champa tributary vassals of the Yuan Dynasty.
Mongol raid on Java.
The Battle of Wadi al-Khazandar (also known as the Third Battle of Homs). A Mongol victory over the Mamluks.
The Battle of Marj al-Saffar. Mongols are defeated by Mamluks. The end of the Mongol invasion to Syria.
Peace negotiation between Mongol khanates. However, the fighting between Duwa and Chapar, the son of Kaidu, broke out shortly afterwards.
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