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The Russian designed Shchel-3UM HMD design is fit to the ZSh-5 series helmet, and is used on the MiG-29 and Su-27 in conjunction with the R-73 (missile). The HMD/Archer combination gave the MiG-29 and Su-27 a significantly improved close combat capability and quickly became the most widely deployed HMD in the world.[9][10]
patent in 1960 under the name, "Stereoscopic-Television Apparatus For Individual Use." The Telesphere mask was a sort of head-mounted version of the Sensorama that would allow for wrap-around views, stereo sound, and air currents that could blow at different velocities or temperatures, and could carry smell (Heilig, 1957).
Cinematographer Morton Heilig wanted to add senses and perception to movies in "reality machines." He wanted to simulate a first-person experience, of actually "being there." The machine had 3-D motion picture with smell, stereo sound, vibrations of the seat, and wind in the hair to create the illusion. He version of an "Experience Theater" was described in 1955 in a paper entitled "The Cinema of the Future" (Robinett 1994). In 1962 he built a prototype.
Inventor Hugo Gernsback with his TV glasses, 1963
“Cyclops” - 1963 - XMen - $750
The Sword of Damocles[1] is widely considered to be the first virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) head-mounted display (HMD) system. It was created in 1968 by hall of fame computer scientist Ivan Sutherland with the help of his student Bob Sproull.
The Sword of Damocles by Ivan Sutherland “Ivan Sutherland” 1968 - Ultimate Display - $500 Sold - Private Buyer Pasadena CA
As early as 1979, the military was experimenting with head-mounted displays. If an effective one could be built, it would significantly reduce the expense and physical size of the simulation system. by projecting the image directly into the pilot’s eyes, bulky screens and projection systems could be eliminated. One of the first of these, McDonnell Douglas’s VITAL helmet used an electromagnetic head tracker to sense where the pilot was looking. Dual monchromatic cathode-ray tubes were mounted next to the pilot’s ears, projecting the image onto beam splitters in front of his eyes. This allowed the pilot to view and manipulate mechanical controls in the cockpit, while seeing the computer-generated image of the outside world. Problems with bulky headgear and the unnaturalness of viewing through beam splitters, however, limited the acceptance of these early head-mounted displays. For over 20 years, America's armed forces have been manufacturing realities in order to improve the effectiveness of training their personnel. This military development of flight simulation had a significant impact on the future of arcade and later computer games.
http://voicesofvr.com/245-50-years-of-vr-with-tom-furness-the-super-cockpit-virtual-retinal-display-hit-lab-virtual-world-society/ http://www.hitl.washington.edu/people/tfurness/supercockpit.html
Integrated Helmet And Display Sight System (IHADSS)[edit] IHADSS In 1985,[7] the U.S. Army fielded the AH-64 Apache and with it the Integrated Helmet and Display Sighting System (IHADSS), a new helmet concept in which the role of the helmet was expanded to provide a visually coupled interface between the aviator and the aircraft. The Honeywell M142 IHADSS is fitted with a 40° by 30° field of view, video-with-symbology monocular display. IR emitters allow a slewable thermographic camera sensor, mounted on the nose of the aircraft, to be slaved to the aviator's head movements. The display also enables Nap-of-the-earth night navigation. IHADSS is also used on the Italian Agusta A129 Mangusta.[8]
